영어 1학년	문법 Lesson 1 Heart to Heart	Class		Name

문법 정리 A

▶ be동사란?

동사는 주어의 동작이나 상태를 설명하는 말로, 영어의 동사는 크게 be동사, 일반동사, 조동사로 나뉜다.

be동사는 ‘~이다, (~에) 있다’라는 뜻을 나타내며, 주어의 인칭과 수에 따라, 그리고 언제의 일을 나타내느냐에 따라 형태가 바뀐다.

▶ be동사의 형태

be동사는 주어의 인칭과 수에 따라 형태가 다르고, 주어가 인칭대명사인 경우 줄여 쓸 수 있다.

		주어	be동사	축약형
단수	1인칭	I	am	I'm
	2인칭	You	are	You're
	3인칭	He / She / It	is	He's / She's / It's
복수	1인칭	We	are	We're
	2인칭	You	are	You're
	3인칭	They	are	They're

▶be동사의 긍정문과 부정문

	긍정문	부정문
1인칭 단수	I am late. I'm late.	I am not late. I'm not late. / * I amn't late. (X)
2인칭 단수	You are at school. You're at school.	You are not at school. You're not at school. / You aren't at school.
3인칭 단수	He is from Brazil. He's from Brazil.	He is not from Brazil. He's not from Brazil. / He isn't from Brazil.
	She is at home. She's at home.	She is not at home. She's not at home. / She isn't at home.
	It is a good idea. It's a good idea.	It is not a good idea. It's not a good idea. / It isn't a good idea.
1인칭 복수	We are Australian. We're Australian.	We are not Australian. We're not Australian. / We aren't Australian.
2인칭 복수	You are students. You're students.	You are not students. You're not students. / You aren't students.
3인칭 복수	They are my friends. They're my friends.	They are not my friends. They're not my friends. / They aren't my friends.

Practice A

A. 빈칸에 am, are, is 중에서 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.

1. He __________ from France.

2. I __________ smart.

3. They __________ in the kitchen.

4. My friends __________ kind.

5. Jane __________ thirteen years old.

6. You __________ Mike's friend.

7. This book __________ old.

8. We __________ good friends.

9. My dad and mom __________ happy.

10.  Mr. Jones __________ a teacher.

B. 다음 문장을 부정문으로 바꿔 쓰시오.

1. Your bag is green.

→ _____________________________________________

2. Jane is beautiful.

→ _____________________________________________

3. I am a student.

→ _____________________________________________

4. Sam and Tony are in the classroom.

→ _____________________________________________

5. They are my books.

→ _____________________________________________

문법 정리 B

▶ 일반동사란?

주어의 동작이나 상태를 나타내는 말로, be동사와 조동사를 제외한 모든 동사를 ‘일반동사’라고 한다.

일반동사는 현재 시제에서 주어가 3인칭 단수일 때, 동사 끝에 -(e)s를 붙인다.

규칙	3인칭 단수 현재형
대부분의 동사＋-s	eats, reads, makes, plays
-s, -x, -o, -ch, -sh로 끝나는 동사＋-es	passes, fixes, goes, teaches, finishes
자음＋y로 끝나는 동사 → y를 빼고+ -ies	studies, tries, cries, flies

※ have의 3인칭 단수 현재형은 has이다.

I go to school early.

She dances very well.

He studies math every day.

My grandmother has a big dog.

▶일반동사의 부정문

‘~하지 않다’라는 뜻의 일반동사 부정문은 일반동사 앞에 do not(don't) 또는 does not(doesn't)를 쓰고 그 다음에 동사의 원형을 써서 나타낸다. does not(doesn't)는 주어가 3인칭 단수일 때 쓴다.

I You We They My friends		like	cats.
	do not (= don't)	like
He She It My brother		likes	cats.
	does not (= doesn't)	like

I do not like vegetables.	I don't like vegetables.

We do not learn Chinese.	We don't learn Chinese.

My father does not drink coffee.	My father doesn't drink coffee.

Jennie does not watch TV.	Jennie doesn't watch TV.

Practice B

A. 괄호 안에 주어진 동사의 알맞은 형태를 빈칸에 쓰시오.

1. We __________ lunch at 12 o’clock. (eat)

2. Tom __________ soccer every weekend. (play)

3. Dad __________ news on TV. (watch)

4. You __________ a red bike. (have)

5. She __________ animals very much. (love)

6. My friend and I __________ to school. (walk)

7. He __________ lots of water. (drink)

8. My sister __________ the dishes for Mom. (wash)

B. 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 <보기>에서 찾아 알맞은 형태로 쓰시오.

<보기>    cry	do	enjoy	teach

1. My father __________ history at school.

2. They __________ their homework after dinner.

3. The baby __________ easily.

4. Mr. Thompson __________ Korean food.

C. 다음 문장의 부정문을 쓰시오.

1. He wears glasses.

→ _____________________________________________

2. Those children like ghost stories.

→ _____________________________________________

3. I know her name.

→ _____________________________________________

4. She live in an apartment.

→ _____________________________________________